Analysis Note

ControlRat cortex tissue

Application

Research CategoryNeuroscience

This Anti-GAD Antibody, clone 1G10.2, Biotin Conjugate is validated for use in IHC for the detection of GAD67. See below for more information about this anti GAD antibody.

Research Sub CategoryDevelopmental Neuroscience

Immunocytochemistry Analysis: A 1:100 dilution from a representative lot detected GAD67 in rat E18 primary cortex cells.

Disclaimer

Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.

General description

Gutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; E.C. 4.1.1.15) is the enzyme responsible for the conversion of glutamic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory transmitter in higher brain regions, and putative paracrine hormone in pancreatic islets. Two molecular forms of GAD (65 kDa and 67 kDa, 64% aa identity between forms) are highly conserved and both forms are expressed in the CNS, pancreatic islet cells, testis, oviduct and ovary. The isoforms are regionally distributed cytoplasmically in the brains of rats and mice (Sheikh, 1999). GAD65 is an amphiphilic, membrane-anchored protein (585 a.a.), encoded on human chromosome 10, and is responsible for vesicular GABA production. GAD67 is cytoplasmic (594 a.a.), encoded on chromosome 2, and seems to be responsible for significant cytoplasmic GABA production. GAD expression changes during neural development in rat spinal cord. GAD65 is expressed transiently in commissural axons around E13 but is down regulated the next day while GAD67 expression increases mostly in the somata of those neurons (Phelps, 1999). In mature rat pancreas, GAD65 and GAD67 appear to be differentially localized, GAD65 primarily in insulin-containing beta cells and GAD67 in glucagon-containing (A) cells (Li, 1995). GAD67 expression seems to be particularly plastic and can change in response to experimental manipulation (for example neuronal stimulation or transection) or disease progression and emergent disorders like schizophrenia (Volk, 2000). Colocalization of the two GAD isoforms also shows changes in GAD65/GAD67 distributions correlated with certain disease states such as IDDM and SMS.

Immunogen

Recombinant GAD67 protein

Physical form

Protein A purified

Purified mouse monoclonal IgG2a conjugated to Biotin in PBS with 0.1% sodium azide and 15 mg/mL BSA.

Quality

Evaluated by Immunohistochemistry in rat cortex tissue.

Immunohistochemistry Analysis: A 1:25 dilution of this antibody detected GAD67 in rat cortex tissue.

Specificity

Reacts with GAD67. No detectable cross reactivity with GAD65 by Western blot on rat brain lysate.

Storage and Stability

Maintain refrigerated at 2-8 °C in undiluted aliquots for up to 6 months from date of receipt.

Target description

~67 kDa